Whole-Number Operations and Fact Fluency

Concrete addition and subtraction grow into fact fluency, regrouping, multiplication, division, factors, and algorithms.

01Early addition and subtraction

Use objects and strategies before written algorithms.

Add Within 10 Concrete Sub Within 10 Concrete Add Within 20 Strategies Sub Within 20 Strategies Missing Addend Within 20

02Two-digit addition and subtraction

Move from no-regrouping to regrouping.

Add Two Digit No Regroup Sub Two Digit No Regroup Add Two Digit Regroup Sub Two Digit Regroup

03Multi-digit addition and subtraction

Connect models, algorithms, and fluency.

Add Sub Within 1000 Models Add Sub Within 1000 Algorithm Multi Digit Add Sub Fluent

04Equal groups and arrays

Build multiplication from skip-counting, arrays, and repeated addition.

Skip Count Repeated Addition Equal Groups Make Array Rows Columns Multiply Equal Groups Basic

05Multiplication facts and properties

Organize facts through known anchors and properties.

Multiply Facts 0 1 Multiply Facts 2 5 10 Multiply Facts 3 4 6 Multiply Facts 7 8 9 Multiply Commutative Property Multiply Distributive Property

06Division meanings and fact families

Connect equal shares, equal groups, and multiplication facts.

Divide Equal Shares Basic Divide Equal Groups Basic Divide Relate to Multiplication Fact Families Multiply Divide

07Factors, multiples, and number properties

Use factor structure for fluency and enrichment problems.

Multiples Basic Factors Basic Prime Composite Basic Gcf Basic Lcm Basic

08Multi-digit multiplication

Move from area and partial products into standard algorithms.

Multiply by 10 100 Multiply One Digit by Multi Digit Area Model Multiply One Digit by Multi Digit Partial Products Multiply One Digit by Multi Digit Algorithm Multiply Two Digit by Two Digit Area Model Multiply Two Digit by Two Digit Partial Products Multiply Two Digit by Two Digit Algorithm

09Multi-digit division

Move from place-value partitioning into partial quotients and standard algorithms.

Divide by 10 100 Divide Multi Digit by One Digit Place Value Divide Multi Digit by One Digit Partial Quotients Divide Multi Digit by One Digit Algorithm